Intracellular mechanisms of tumor cells’ immunoresistance

Justyna Hermanowicz; Beata Sieklucka; Krzysztof Nosek; Dariusz Pawlak

doi:10.18388/abp.2020_2878

Justyna Hermanowicz 1Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland; 2Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3985-4244
Beata Sieklucka Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8384-7116
Krzysztof Nosek Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4248-6841
Dariusz Pawlak Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3751-0608

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18388/abp.2020_2878

Abstract

One of the main mechanisms for avoiding immune response by cancer cells is mediated by inducing an immunosuppressive environment in the tumor following activation of immune checkpoints, i.e. PD-1 or CTLA-4 receptor inhibitors on T lymphocytes. Interaction inhibition between PD-1 or CTLA-4 and their ligands (PD-L1, CD80, and CD85) leads to unblocking of the T-lymphocyte function, and thus destroys cancer cells. Certain intracellular signaling pathways are also involved in the development of tumor cell immunoresistance. Immunosuppressive pathways’ activation blocking may increase the immunological anti-tumor control.